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PROCESS CONSIDERATIONS

Process consideration involve factors which affect the choice of treatment method, its design criteria and related requirements such as the following .

a) Waste Water Flow and Characteristics

This constitutes the primary data required for process design. The various parameters to be determined are described in other sections of this manual.

b) Degree of Treatment Required

In case of domestic or municipal sewage, this is considered, for example, in terms of removal of BOD/COD, nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorous ), coliforms, helminths etc. Land disposal generally has to meet less stringent discharge standards than disposal to surface waters. Land disposal also has the advantage of giving nutrient removal and is, thus preferred wherever it is feasible. It is often not enough to aim only at BOD remival and let other items be left to unspecified, incidental removal, whatever may occur. The selction of a treatment process thus, depends on the extent of removal efficiency required for all important parameters and the need to obviate nuisance conditions.

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